Hippurate hydrolysis is used to differentiate which types of organisms?

Hippurate hydrolysis is a biochemical test used specifically to differentiate between Group A and Group B streptococci. In this test, the ability of the organism to hydrolyze hippurate to produce glycine is assessed. Group B streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) is positive for hippurate hydrolysis, meaning it can effectively break down hippurate, while Group A streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes) does not possess this ability and therefore tests negative.

This differentiation is particularly important in clinical microbiology, as Group B streptococci are associated with significant neonatal infections, while Group A streptococci are known for causing conditions such as pharyngitis and skin infections. Understanding the metabolic properties of these organisms helps laboratory professionals in accurately diagnosing infections and guiding treatment decisions.